Electronvolts (eV) to US Therms (thm) conversion

1 eV = 1.518933e-27 thmthmeV
Formula
1 eV = 1.518933e-27 thm

Understanding Electronvolts to US Therms Conversion

The electronvolt (eV) is the standard atomic-scale energy unit, the work done moving one electron through one volt. The US therm is a natural-gas energy unit equal to 100,000 British thermal units, about 1.054804×1081.054804 \times 10⁸ joules, and appears on gas utility bills across the United States. Converting eV to therms bridges microscopic energy accounting and the billing unit of household and industrial gas consumption.

Conversion Formula

1 eV=1.518933×1027 thm1\ \text{eV} = 1.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷\ \text{thm}

To convert Electronvolts to US Therms, multiply by this factor:

thm=eV×1.518933×1027\text{thm} = \text{eV} \times 1.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷

Step-by-Step Example

Convert 25 Electronvolts to US Therms.

thm=25×1.518933×1027=3.797333×1026 thm\text{thm} = 25 \times 1.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷ = 3.797333 \times 10⁻²⁶\ \text{thm}

How to Convert Electronvolts to US Therms

Translate an atomic-scale energy into the natural-gas therm in one step.

  1. Note the eV value: Start with the energy in electronvolts, e.g. 25 eV.
  2. Multiply by the factor: Apply 1.518933×10271.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷ therms per eV.
  3. Calculate: 25×1.518933×102725 \times 1.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷.
  4. Report the result: 25 eV equals 3.797333×10263.797333 \times 10⁻²⁶ thm.

Electronvolts to US Therms conversion table

Electronvolts (eV)US Therms (thm)
00
11.518933e-27
23.037866e-27
34.556799e-27
46.075732e-27
57.594665e-27
69.113598e-27
71.063253e-26
81.215146e-26
91.36704e-26
101.518933e-26
152.2784e-26
203.037866e-26
253.797333e-26
304.556799e-26
406.075732e-26
507.594665e-26
609.113598e-26
701.063253e-25
801.215146e-25
901.36704e-25
1001.518933e-25
1502.2784e-25
2003.037866e-25
2503.797333e-25
3004.556799e-25
4006.075732e-25
5007.594665e-25
6009.113598e-25
7001.063253e-24
8001.215146e-24
9001.36704e-24
10001.518933e-24
20003.037866e-24
30004.556799e-24
40006.075732e-24
50007.594665e-24
100001.518933e-23
250003.797333e-23
500007.594665e-23
1000001.518933e-22
2500003.797333e-22
5000007.594665e-22
10000001.518933e-21

What is the Electronvolt?

The electronvolt is a small unit of energy used throughout atomic, nuclear, and particle physics to describe the energies of individual particles, photons, and chemical or nuclear reactions.

Definition

One electronvolt is the kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerated through an electric potential difference of one volt:

1 eV=1.60218×1019 J1\ \text{eV} = 1.60218 \times 10⁻¹⁹\ \text{J}

Since the 2019 redefinition of SI units, this value is exact: 1 eV = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ J, because the elementary charge is now a defined constant. Common multiples include the keV (10³ eV), MeV (10⁶ eV), GeV (10⁹ eV), and TeV (10¹² eV).

Origin and History

The unit arose in the early 20th century as physicists studied electrons and ions accelerated in vacuum tubes and early particle accelerators, where energy expressed in volts of accelerating potential was far more natural than joules. It became the standard energy scale as quantum and nuclear physics matured.

Law and Notable Facts

The electronvolt is accepted for use with the SI system though it is not itself an SI unit. Via mass-energy equivalence, particle masses are routinely quoted in eV/c²: the electron's rest mass is about 511 keV/c², and the proton's is about 938 MeV/c².

Real-World Examples and Conversions

  • Visible-light photons carry roughly 1.6 to 3.3 eV each.
  • Chemical bond energies are typically a few eV per bond.
  • The Large Hadron Collider accelerates protons to about 6.5 TeV, or 6.5 × 10¹² eV, roughly 1.04 microjoules per proton.

What is the US Therm?

The US therm is a unit of heat energy used primarily in the natural gas industry to measure and bill the energy content of gas supplied to homes and businesses in the United States.

Definition

The US therm is defined as 100,000 British thermal units (BTU) based on the 59 °F (15 °C) BTU:

1 thm=1.05480×108 J1\ \text{thm} = 1.05480 \times 10⁸\ \text{J}

More precisely, the US therm equals exactly 105,480,400 joules (about 105.48 MJ). It should not be confused with the slightly larger UK therm, which is based on the International Table BTU and equals 105,505,585.257 J.

Origin and History

The therm entered use in the 20th century as gas utilities shifted from billing customers by volume to billing by delivered energy, since the heating value of natural gas varies with its composition. Combining "therm" (from the Greek thermē, heat) with a fixed BTU count gave a convenient billing unit roughly equal to the energy in 100 cubic feet of typical natural gas.

Law and Notable Facts

In the United States the therm is a legally recognized commercial unit for natural gas sales. Gas meters record volume in hundreds of cubic feet (ccf), which utilities multiply by a "therm factor" reflecting the gas's actual heat content to convert to therms for billing.

Real-World Examples and Conversions

  • A typical US home uses roughly 500 to 1,000 therms of natural gas per year for heating, cooking, and hot water.
  • 1 therm equals about 29.3 kilowatt-hours of energy.
  • Burning 1 therm of natural gas releases approximately 105.5 MJ of heat, enough to run a 20 kW furnace at full output for about 88 minutes.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many US therms are in one electronvolt?

One electronvolt equals 1.518933×10271.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷ therms, a negligible amount next to gas-bill quantities.

How do I convert electronvolts to US therms?

Multiply the eV value by 1.518933×10271.518933 \times 10⁻²⁷. For example, 25 eV equals 3.797333×10263.797333 \times 10⁻²⁶ thm.

How many electronvolts equal one US therm?

Approximately 6.583569×10266.583569 \times 10²⁶ electronvolts make up a single US therm.

Why would anyone convert eV to therms?

The therm is the billing unit for natural gas, so this conversion offers a bridge from combustion energies quoted per molecule in eV to the units on a household gas statement.

What is a US therm worth in joules?

A US therm is 100,000 BTU (IT), or about 1.054804×1081.054804 \times 10⁸ joules, which sets this conversion factor.

Complete Electronvolts conversion table

eV
UnitResult
Watt-seconds (Ws)1.602177e-19 Ws
Watt-minutes (Wm)2.670294e-21 Wm
Watt-hours (Wh)4.450491e-23 Wh
Milliwatt-hours (mWh)4.450491e-20 mWh
Kilowatt-hours (kWh)4.450491e-26 kWh
Megawatt-hours (MWh)4.450491e-29 MWh
Gigawatt-hours (GWh)4.450491e-32 GWh
Joules (J)1.602177e-19 J
Kilojoules (kJ)1.602177e-22 kJ
Megajoules (MJ)1.602177e-25 MJ
Gigajoules (GJ)1.602177e-28 GJ
British Thermal Units (IT) (BTU)1.51857e-22 BTU
US Therms (thm)1.518933e-27 thm
Ergs (erg)1.602177e-12 erg
Foot-pounds (ft-lbf)1.181705e-19 ft-lbf
Tonnes of TNT (t-tnt)3.829294e-29 t-tnt
calories (cal)3.829294e-20 cal
Kilocalories (kcal)3.829294e-23 kcal