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Supports: HEIC
HEIC and AVIF both descend from modern video codecs — HEIC wraps HEVC/H.265 still frames, AVIF wraps AV1 — and both beat JPEG by a wide margin on file size. The difference is reach. HEIC plays back on roughly 15% of browsers (Safari only, per caniuse), while AVIF works on ~94% of browsers including Chrome 85+, Firefox 93+, Edge 121+, and Safari 16.4+. If your image is going anywhere outside Apple's walled garden, AVIF is the format that actually loads.
| Property | HEIC | AVIF |
|---|---|---|
| Underlying codec | HEVC / H.265 (still profile) | AV1 |
| Released | 2017 (Apple iOS 11 default) | February 2019 (AOMedia) |
| Compression vs JPEG | ~50% smaller | ~50% smaller, often more |
| Compression vs WebP | Similar | ~20-30% smaller at matched quality |
| Bit depth | 8, 10 bit | 8, 10, 12 bit (16+ via v1.2.0 sample transforms) |
| HDR (PQ / HLG) | Yes | Yes |
| Wide color gamut | Yes (Display P3, Rec.2020) | Yes (Display P3, Rec.2020) |
| Alpha / transparency | Limited | Full alpha channel |
| Animation | Yes (rarely used) | Yes |
| Global browser support | ~15% (Safari 17+ only) | ~94% (Chrome 85+, FF 93+, Edge 121+, Safari 16.4+) |
| License | HEVC patent pool | Royalty-free (AOMedia) |
| MIME type | image/heic | image/avif |
| Preset | Best for | Visual outcome | Typical 12 MP iPhone shot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Highest | Print, archival masters | Indistinguishable from source | 1.5-3.0 MB |
| Very High (default) | Web hero images, portfolios | Visually lossless on 4K displays | 0.5-1.2 MB |
| High | Blog posts, product pages | Negligible loss at normal viewing | 0.3-0.6 MB |
| Medium | Social previews, gallery grids | Slight softening on close inspection | 0.15-0.35 MB |
| Low | Thumbnails, email banners | Noticeable smoothing, banding possible | 0.05-0.15 MB |
Sizes depend on subject detail — a flat sky compresses harder than a forest scene. For pixel-peeping work, set "Specific file size" instead and let the encoder hit your budget.
HDR gain maps and wide-gamut color (Display P3 / Rec.2020) carry through into AVIF when you keep the Very High or Highest preset — AVIF supports the same PQ and HLG transfer functions HEIC uses. Live Photo motion does not transfer; only the still frame is converted. If you need the motion component, export the paired MOV separately from Photos.
AV1 is a denser codec than HEVC and runs more rate-distortion analysis per block, so encoding is several times slower in exchange for ~20-30% smaller files at the same quality. Decoding in modern browsers is fast — the slowdown is only at conversion time. For batches, expect a few seconds per megapixel on a typical laptop.
Chrome 85+, Firefox 93+, Edge 121+, Opera 71+, and Safari 16.4+ on macOS Ventura / iOS 16. Per caniuse data, that covers about 94% of global browser traffic. Internet Explorer, Opera Mini, and pre-2023 Safari versions will not render AVIF — for those, serve a JPEG or WebP fallback via the HTML <picture> element.
If the target is a modern website or app, AVIF — you keep the size advantage and gain near-universal browser reach. If the recipient is an older device, an email client, a print shop, or a CMS that rejects unknown MIME types, HEIC to JPG is the safer pick. Many sites ship both via <picture> and let the browser choose.
Both are smaller than JPEG, but AVIF typically edges out HEIC at the same perceptual quality, especially on flat regions and gradients where AV1's larger transform sizes shine. The gap is often 10-20% in AVIF's favor on real photos, though HEIC can pull ahead on grainy or high-frequency textures. For most iPhone shots, expect a meaningful size drop on top of the codec's broader compatibility win.
Yes. Drop a folder of HEIC files (or unzip the iCloud download first) and apply one Quality Preset across the batch. Each photo is encoded with the same settings then offered as separate downloads or a single zip. For libraries over a few hundred files, work in chunks so your browser tab stays responsive.
Both formats are lossy and use different color pipelines. HEIC ships from iOS in a specific Display P3 profile; AVIF re-encodes into AV1's color space which may apply a perceptually neutral but not bit-identical transform. At Very High or Highest, differences are visible only on side-by-side pixel inspection. For an exact match, you would need a lossless format like HEIC to PNG — at the cost of 5-10× the file size.
EXIF (camera model, exposure, timestamps) is preserved by default in the AVIF container. GPS coordinates ride along with EXIF, so if you are publishing photos to the public web, run a metadata stripper afterward or use a separate workflow to scrub location data before upload.
WebP is a safer fallback when you need ~97% browser reach and don't want to ship two files; see HEIC to WebP for that route. JPEG XL has better quality per byte than AVIF but ships in only Safari today, so it isn't yet a web-safe target. For 2026 web delivery, AVIF remains the highest-impact choice; if you also want the file smaller still, run the output through Compress AVIF to dial in an exact byte budget.