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Supports: TIFF, TIF
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format), introduced by Aldus in 1986 and now maintained by Adobe, is the gold standard for archival imaging, professional print, and scientific capture. It stores image data losslessly with up to 16-bit-per-channel depth and supports multiple compression modes (LZW, Deflate, JPEG, ZSTD) — but the files are huge. A single 600 DPI scan of a letter-sized document can be 80-200 MB; a 100 MP medium-format TIFF can hit 600 MB. HEIF (High Efficiency Image File Format, ISO/IEC 23008-12, 2015) is the modern alternative: it wraps HEVC (H.265) compression in a flexible container, keeping 10-bit color and HDR support while shrinking files dramatically.
| Property | TIFF | HEIF |
|---|---|---|
| Standard | Adobe TIFF 6.0 (1992); BigTIFF for >4 GB files | ISO/IEC 23008-12 (2015) |
| Compression | Lossless by default (LZW, Deflate, ZSTD); optional lossy JPEG/WebP | HEVC (H.265) — primarily lossy, lossless mode optional |
| Typical size at same quality | 100% (baseline) | 10-20% of TIFF |
| Max bit depth | Up to 16 bits per channel (32-bit float for HDR variants) | 8, 10, or 12 bits per channel |
| Color spaces | RGB, CMYK, LAB, Grayscale, indexed palette | RGB, YCbCr, monochrome (no native CMYK) |
| Transparency | Yes (alpha channel) | Yes (alpha channel) |
| Multi-image | Yes (multi-page TIFF) | Yes (image collections, bursts, derived images) |
| Native OS support | Universal (every major OS since the 1990s) | iOS 11+, macOS 10.13+, Android 8+, Windows 10 1803+ (extensions) |
| Best for | Archival, print, scanning, scientific, CMYK prepress | Modern photo libraries, mobile, cloud delivery |
If you specifically need the Apple-flavor .heic extension instead of .heif, use TIFF to HEIC. The pipeline is the same HEVC codec — only the file extension differs.
| Preset | Approx. size vs source TIFF | Best when |
|---|---|---|
| Highest | 15-25% | Near-lossless archive replacement; printing reference |
| Very High (default) | 10-15% | General-purpose conversion, portfolios, cloud library |
| High | 6-10% | Email, web embeds, social media uploads |
| Medium | 3-6% | Mobile galleries, quick sharing, draft proofs |
| Low / Lowest | 1-3% | Thumbnails, preview catalogs, contact sheets |
Drop resolution alongside the preset (e.g., 100 MP → 2160P) when the destination is a phone or 4K display — pixel count drives file size more than the quality slider above Medium.
HEIF is the broader container standard (ISO/IEC 23008-12). HEIC is the specific variant of HEIF that uses HEVC (H.265) compression and the .heic extension — Apple's default. This converter outputs a .heif file using HEVC encoding; mechanically the bitstream is identical to HEIC. If your downstream tool only accepts .heic, you can rename the extension or use TIFF to HEIC directly. AVIF — HEIF with AV1 instead of HEVC — is a separate format; for that use TIFF to AVIF.
HEIF supports up to 12 bits per channel, so a 16-bit TIFF will be tone-mapped down to 12-bit (or 10-bit, depending on encoder profile). For most photographic content the difference is invisible, but for scientific imaging, raw scanner output destined for further heavy editing, or medical imaging where every bit matters, keep the TIFF master and only export HEIF as a delivery copy. HEIF still meaningfully outperforms 8-bit JPEG for HDR scenes.
TIFF defaults to lossless compression on a per-pixel basis, so most of those 200 MB are encoding redundancy and uncompressed empty paper. HEVC's intra-frame compression uses transform coding, deblocking, and modern entropy coding to throw away only the visually imperceptible bits. At Very High preset the typical PSNR remains above 45 dB versus the source — perceptually transparent for human viewing. Keep the TIFF master if you'll re-edit, but the HEIF is fine for screen, web, and most prints.
Yes. EXIF metadata (camera model, exposure, GPS, capture date), embedded ICC profiles (sRGB, Adobe RGB, ProPhoto), and IPTC fields are copied across. If you want to strip metadata for privacy before sharing, run the HEIF output through HEIF to JPG which exposes an EXIF-strip option, or use a dedicated metadata scrubber.
Windows 10 build 1803 and later supports HEIF after installing the free HEIF Image Extensions and the paid (~$0.99) HEVC Video Extensions from the Microsoft Store; Windows 11 22H2+ supports it out of the box. Android 8 (Oreo) and later decodes HEIF natively, and Android 10+ adds HEIC support. Older systems may need a converter — for guaranteed universal compatibility convert to TIFF to JPG instead.
HEIF can hold multiple images (image collections), but mainstream viewers tend to show only the primary frame. For multi-page documents — scanned books, contracts, manuscripts — convert to PDF instead via TIFF to PDF so pages stay together with text selection and OCR potential. Reserve HEIF for single-image conversions: photos, prints, single-page scans.
Yes. TIFF can carry Photoshop layers, clipping paths, and selection masks; HEIF stores only the flat raster image plus optional auxiliary streams (depth, alpha). If your TIFF was exported from Photoshop with layers, the HEIF will be the equivalent of "Flatten Image → Save As". Keep a layered PSD or TIFF master for future editing.
HEVC is patent-encumbered — manufacturers and software vendors pay licensing pools (MPEG LA, Access Advance, Velos Media). End users converting personal images don't owe per-file royalties; the per-device licenses are typically baked into your OS or the encoder software (e.g., Windows' paid HEVC extension). If royalty-free matters for your distribution pipeline, encode AV1-based TIFF to AVIF instead — AV1 was designed by the Alliance for Open Media specifically to avoid HEVC licensing.
You can reverse the conversion with HEIF to TIFF, but the result will be a TIFF of the lossy HEIF — you don't recover the bits HEVC discarded. Always keep your original TIFF masters if archival fidelity matters. Treat HEIF outputs as delivery copies, not source files.