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Supports: TIFF, TIF
TIFF is the publishing and archival workhorse — flexible bit depth, LZW/Deflate/PackBits compression, and lossless RGB or CMYK storage — but it's a still-image format. M2V is the MPEG-2 video elementary stream (ISO/IEC 13818-2 / ITU-T H.262), the same codec that fills commercial DVD-Video discs. Converting a TIFF sequence to M2V is what you do when you need motion-picture playback or DVD-ready video frames from a stack of stills.
| Property | TIFF | M2V |
|---|---|---|
| Media type | Still image (or multi-page) | Video elementary stream |
| Codec / standard | TIFF 6.0 (Adobe, 1992; LZW, Deflate, JPEG, PackBits, CCITT) | MPEG-2 Part 2 / H.262 (ISO/IEC 13818-2) |
| Audio support | None | None — video only, pair with AC3/LPCM for DVD |
| Typical bit depth | 1, 8, 16, or 32 bits per channel | 8 bits per channel YUV 4:2:0 |
| Compression | Lossless (LZW/ZIP/PackBits) or lossy JPEG | Lossy DCT, intra + inter-frame |
| Best for | Print masters, scans, medical/GIS imagery | DVD authoring, MPEG-2 broadcast pipelines |
| Typical resolution | Any (300+ DPI scans common) | 720x480 NTSC, 720x576 PAL, up to 1920x1080 HD |
| File size (1 minute, 720p) | N/A (per frame: 1-50 MB) | ~70 MB at 9.8 Mbps DVD peak |
| Browser playback | Limited (Safari yes, Chrome/Firefox no) | None — requires VLC, QuickTime, or DVD player |
| Preset | Approx CRF/qscale | Typical bitrate | Use case |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lowest | High q (poor) | ~1-2 Mbps | Quick proxy, tiny files |
| Low | ~2-3 Mbps | Web preview at SD | |
| Medium | ~3-5 Mbps | General-purpose SD viewing | |
| High | ~5-7 Mbps | DVD body content, animation | |
| Very High (default) | ~7-9 Mbps | DVD master, archival slideshows | |
| Highest | Low q (near-lossless) | ~9.8 Mbps (DVD peak) | Print-to-DVD master, broadcast intermediate |
Constant Quality keeps a fixed visual quality and lets bitrate float; Constraint Quality clamps the bitrate inside a window so the stream stays DVD-compliant.
M2V is an MPEG elementary stream — by definition it carries a single media type. The DVD-Video specification expects video (M2V), audio (AC3 or LPCM, usually a.ac3 or.wav file), and subpictures as separate elementary streams that the authoring tool multiplexes into VOB files at burn time. If you need a single playable file, convert to MPG/MPEG or TIFF to MP4 instead.
DVD-Video locks frame rate by region: 29.97 fps for NTSC (North America, Japan) and 25 fps for PAL/SECAM (most of Europe, Australia). Pick Image Duration of 1/30 second to get ~30 fps NTSC, or 1/24 second for cinematic 24 fps. If you're not sure what your target player expects, NTSC 29.97 fps at 720x480 is the safest default for North American DVD authoring.
Image Duration ranges from 1/60 second (fastest, for high-frame-rate sequences) up to 10 seconds per frame (for photo slideshows). For stop motion or time-lapse pick 1/24 or 1/30 second; for an exhibition slideshow 3-5 seconds is comfortable; for kiosk signage 8-10 seconds gives viewers time to read.
Yes. Either pick a Fixed Resolution Preset like 480p (854x480) or 576p (1024x576), or use the Preset Resolutions 720x480 (NTSC) / 720x576 (PAL) for true DVD-Video frames. The background color dropdown letterboxes any aspect-ratio mismatch so your portrait scans don't get squashed.
Yes, on the input side. MPEG-2 itself is an 8-bit YUV 4:2:0 codec, so the conversion quantizes 16-bit depth down to 8 bits — that's a property of the target format, not the converter. If you need to preserve full bit depth for an archival master, keep the TIFFs and create the M2V only as a viewing copy.
TIFF stores each frame in full (often uncompressed or LZW-compressed) — a single 16-bit 4K TIFF can be 40-60 MB. MPEG-2 uses temporal compression: only keyframes (I-frames) hold full data, with P- and B-frames storing differences. A 60-frame TIFF sequence at 50 MB each (3 GB total) typically compresses to under 100 MB at DVD bitrate — the savings come from removing inter-frame redundancy.
Trim controls aren't exposed for image-to-video conversions in xconvert (trim assumes an existing video timeline). For frame-level control, drop the TIFFs you want into the upload, set Merge Strategy to "Merge images", and arrange them in the desired order before clicking Convert. To skip every Nth frame you'd remove those TIFFs from the batch.
The video pipeline is identical — same codec, same options, same Image Duration. The differences are upstream: JPG is already lossy 8-bit so quality is capped by the source; PNG preserves full color and alpha but doesn't have TIFF's 16-bit or multi-page support. If your source files are master scans, TIFF preserves the most detail going into the MPEG-2 encoder.
VLC and MPV play raw M2V streams directly. QuickTime, Windows Media Player, and most browsers do not. If you want a file that plays everywhere, convert to MPG (system stream with audio) via TIFF to MPG or TIFF to MPEG — those produce containerized output the same authoring tools accept while remaining playable in standard media players.