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Supports: XCF
XCF (eXperimental Computing Facility) is GIMP's native project format, first released on December 15, 1997 and named after GIMP's origins at UC Berkeley. It is designed to round-trip a full editing session — every layer, mask, channel, path, guide, and selection is stored intact — but the format is essentially read-only outside GIMP. Browsers, mobile galleries, CMS uploaders, and most third-party editors do not understand it. WebP, announced by Google on September 30, 2010, solves the opposite problem: it is a flat, web-native delivery format with both lossy (VP8 intra-frame) and lossless modes, full alpha transparency, and 25–34% smaller files than JPEG at equivalent SSIM quality, plus roughly 26% smaller files than optimized PNG in lossless mode.
<picture> — WebP is supported by Chrome 32+, Firefox 65+, Safari 16+, and Edge 18+, with ~96% global support. It works as the modern source in a <picture> element with a JPEG/PNG fallback for the long tail.| Property | XCF (GIMP) | WebP |
|---|---|---|
| Released | December 15, 1997 | September 30, 2010 |
| Developer | GIMP / Spencer Kimball, Peter Mattis | Google (acquired On2's VP8) |
| Purpose | Editable project file | Web delivery image |
| Layers, masks, paths | Preserved | Flattened to a single image |
| Compression | RLE (pre-2.10) / zlib (2.10+) | VP8 lossy or VP8L lossless |
| Transparency | Yes (full alpha + masks) | Yes (full alpha) |
| Animation | No | Yes (added October 2011) |
| Max dimension | Practically unlimited | 16,383 px per side |
| Browser support | None | Chrome 32+, FF 65+, Safari 16+, Edge 18+ (~96%) |
| Typical web size | 5–200 MB | 30 KB – 1 MB |
| Best for | Active editing | Production web delivery |
| Preset | Roughly equivalent quality % | Use case | Trade-off |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lossless (Yes) | 100 | Logos, UI sprites, pixel art, screenshots | 2–4x larger than lossy |
| Very High (Recommended) | ~90 | Hero images, product photos, portfolio art | Default; near-original look |
| High | ~80 | Blog post images, gallery thumbnails | ~30% smaller than Very High |
| Medium | ~65 | Background images, listing thumbnails | Visible softness on detail |
| Low / Lowest | ~50 / ~40 | Placeholders, LQIP, email previews | Block artifacts on edges |
No. WebP is a single-image delivery format and cannot hold layer stacks, masks, vector paths, or editable text. The conversion flattens whatever is currently visible in the XCF into one image. If you need to keep editing later, keep the original XCF as your master and only export WebP copies for publishing. For a non-flattened delivery format, XCF to PDF preserves more layout fidelity for print.
Pick lossy ("Lossless?" → "No") for photographs, painted illustrations, and any artwork with smooth gradients — the file will be 2–4x smaller and the quality difference is invisible at 80–90%. Pick lossless ("Lossless?" → "Yes") for flat-color logos, UI mockups, pixel art, and screenshots where any artifact on a hard edge would be obvious. Lossless WebP is still typically 25% smaller than an equivalent PNG.
Two reasons. First, GIMP's preview is rendered with the document's color profile applied, but WebP encoders historically strip or convert ICC profiles by default, so colors can shift on browsers that don't color-manage WebP. Second, lossy WebP at quality < 80 quantizes chroma aggressively, which can cause subtle banding on smooth gradients. Bumping the "Image Quality (%)" to 85+ usually eliminates the visible shift.
WebP has a hard ceiling of 16,383 pixels on each side (per the spec). For most web work that is more than enough — a 16383 x 16383 image is over 268 megapixels. If your XCF canvas exceeds that, downscale under "Image Resolution" before converting, or export to XCF to PNG instead, since PNG's limit is much higher.
Roughly 95% of global traffic. Chrome has supported WebP since version 32 (2014), Firefox since 65 (2019), Edge 18+ (2020), and Safari since iOS 14 / macOS 11 Big Sur (September 2020). Internet Explorer and pre-2020 Safari do not. For the safest deployment, serve WebP inside a <picture> element with a JPG or PNG fallback for the long tail.
Yes. If your GIMP image has an alpha channel (most XCFs that don't have a flat background do), the alpha is kept in the WebP output in both lossy and lossless modes. WebP transparency was enabled by default in libwebp 0.2.0 (August 2012), so any current browser that decodes WebP also decodes WebP alpha.
Yes. Drop multiple XCF files into the uploader and they will all process with the same settings, then download as a zip. This is the fastest way to convert an entire /assets/source folder of GIMP masters into a /assets/web folder of WebP deliverables in one pass.
GIMP's native exporter (added in GIMP 2.10) is excellent and gives you frame-by-frame control for animated WebP. This online converter is for cases when you don't want to install GIMP just to flatten a file someone sent you, when you want batch conversion of many XCFs without scripting, or when you're on a Chromebook / iPad where GIMP isn't an option. The two are complementary, not exclusive.
WebP for everyday web delivery — best balance of quality, size, and browser support today. AVIF (~5% smaller than WebP at the same quality) is worth considering if your audience is on Chrome/Firefox/Safari 16+, but support is still narrower. PNG is the safe choice when you need a file that opens everywhere offline or in legacy software — see XCF to PNG. For a JPEG-style universal photographic file, XCF to JPG is the most compatible choice.