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Supports: AV1
If something in your pipeline specifically requires an Ogg video file, AV1 converts cleanly to OGV. But be honest about what this conversion is: you are re-encoding a modern, highly efficient codec into a container built around Theora, a format frozen since 2011 and removed from Chrome in 2024. The result is larger and lower quality than your AV1 source. For almost any other goal — web embedding, smaller files, long-term open video — AV1 to WebM is the open format you actually want.
| Property | AV1 (source) | OGV (Ogg container) |
|---|---|---|
| Developer | Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) | Xiph.Org Foundation |
| Released | March 2018 | Ogg ~2002; Theora 2008 |
| Typical video codec | AV1 | Theora (frozen 2011), or VP8 |
| Audio codec | Opus / AAC | Vorbis, Opus, FLAC, Speex |
| Royalty status | Royalty-free | Royalty-free |
| Compression efficiency | Very high — ~30% smaller than VP9 | Theora is weak; much larger files |
| Chrome support | Yes (current versions) | Theora removed in v123 (March 2024) |
| Firefox support | Yes | Theora disabled following Chromium |
| Safari support | Yes (Safari 17+ / hardware AV1) | Never supported Theora |
| Best for | Modern web, streaming, archival | Legacy Ogg toolchains only |
.ogv files..ogv plays out of the box.<video> tag will not play for most visitors. WebM (VP9 or AV1) plays in Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari 14.1+.For most goals, no. AV1 is a modern, highly efficient codec; OGV's Theora video has not had a release since 2011, Chrome removed it in version 123 (March 2024), and Firefox disabled it on the same timeline. The conversion makes sense only when a specific legacy tool or strictly-libre Linux setup requires an Ogg video file. For general web video or anything you want to keep, AV1 to WebM is smaller, sharper, and still royalty-free.
No. Both AV1 and the Theora codec used in OGV are lossy, so this is a lossy-to-lossy re-encode — you cannot recover detail your AV1 file already discarded, and Theora is a far less efficient codec, so quality typically drops. Use the "Very High" or a Constant Quality preset to keep loss minimal, but the output will never look better than the source.
Because AV1 is one of the most efficient codecs available and Theora is one of the least. At matching visual quality, AV1 needs roughly 30% less bitrate than VP9 and far less than Theora, so re-encoding an AV1 file to Ogg Theora almost always produces a noticeably bigger file. In our testing, a 60-second 1080p AV1 clip re-encoded to OGV at the Very High preset came out several times larger than the source. If size matters, convert to WebM instead.
Largely no. Chrome removed Theora decoding in version 123 (March 2024), Firefox disabled it on the same timeline, and Safari never supported it. An OGV embedded in an HTML5 <video> tag will fail to play for most visitors today. If you need in-browser playback, keep the file as WebM and reserve OGV only for tools that specifically require Ogg.
Pick Theora video if a legacy Ogg tool specifically expects it; that is the format's historical codec and the safest choice for old players. VP8 in an Ogg container is more efficient but is unusual and may confuse strictly Theora-only software. For audio, Vorbis is the historical Ogg default and the most broadly compatible; Opus is more efficient at low bitrates and works in modern Ogg players but a few older Theora-only tools may not read it.
Yes. Wikimedia accepts only patent-free media, and Ogg Theora is on the accepted list alongside WebM. That said, Wikimedia now transcodes uploads to WebM server-side for browsers that no longer decode Theora, so uploading WebM directly is usually the simpler path.